The Bhagavad Gita describes the Supreme in various ways. In some places, it is referred to as Brahman and in others as Paramatma and still other places there is the description of Bhagavan. What are the differentiating attributes of each of these aspects of the Supreme. What is the common thread?
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Pranams.
Brahman is the sat,chit and ananda. The supreme consciousness. The realisation attained in the means of Non-duality is Brahman. The words cannot explain this, it cannot be explained compared with anything in the world, beyond the senses and mind, beyond silence. if the clay is removed from the pot, nothing remains. similarly everything is pervaded by this supreme consciousness, Brahman.Wherever lord touches the aspect of knowledge of atman, he uses the word Brahman.
Bhagawan is the truth with attributes. with name and form. bhagawan is the name given because of the six bhagas – beauty, fame, knowledge, wealth, strength and vairaghya. Wherever lord touches the aspect of bhakthi, the same brahman is named as Bhagawan. Lord Krishna even though was present before Arjuna with a name and form, explained in many slokas that he is without beginning and an end. (the aspect of Brahman). He is beyond the name and form. He becomes the object of meditation for a bhaktha.(hanumanji, meera, andaal)
Katha upanishad depicts two birds sitting on the same tree. the bird(jiva) eating the fruits (karma) and another bird (paramatman) happily watching the other bird . Paramatman is the antaryaami, the witness in every one of us and all creatures.(chapter 13 of gita). It is devoid of upadi. It is the object of meditation. By leaving the ego, the jiva merges into the consciousness leaving his identity like salt dissolving into the water.
the sun is the brahman, sun shine is the bhagawan and the reflection of sun in the pots is the paramatman
the sunshine and the reflection are not different from the sun itself. without that the other cannot exist. It is the same truth given different names.
What are the differentiating attributes of each of these aspects of the Supreme.
Brahman is, as equivocally described in our scriptures, the substratum which provides the field, as it were, for the creation, protection and eventual dissolution of all that exists. As rightly put in previous comments, being beyond the adjuncts of body, mind and intellect, the wise have explained what IS by process of elimination of what IS NOT. In short, BRAHMAN IS.
Ishwara is Brahman with the will to create. Both Ishwara and Jiva are but products of Brahman with the element of Maya having crept in, only difference being that Ishwara controls Maya whereas Jiva is controlled by Maya.
Paramatma is the collective consciousness. it is said to be of the nature of Brahman.
What is the common thread?
As seen in Pancadashi the common thread is the consciousness.
I want to control my mind so I surrendered to sathguru Hardevsingh ji Maharaj and attending sathsang regularly with the grace of God.He teach me Our body,mind and wealth all belonging to God.As he advised I am doing Seva.Simiran and Satsang throughout my life with the grace of God.By touching my head on Satguru’s Holy feet all my ego vanished.I am proud of myself that I got Satguru and I became Nirangari.